Solar & DC-DC charging calculator
See whether solar plus driving puts back what you use each day, and how long the bank lasts if it doesn't.
How this is calculated
Solar. Daily Wh = panel watts × peak sun hours × real-world factor; Ah = Wh ÷ system volts. "Peak sun hours" are equivalent hours of 1,000 W/m² sun, and they change a lot with location and season, so use NREL PVWatts for your area and the worst month you plan to camp. The real-world factor (75% default) is a planning assumption covering heat, panel angle, dirt, wiring and controller losses. Flat-mounted roof panels often do worse.
DC-DC. Ah = charger amps × hours driven × average output fraction. The charger's amp rating is on the battery side, and output drops as a lithium bank nears full.
Balance. Net = solar + DC-DC + other − daily use. If it's negative, days until the usable limit = bank Ah × usable % ÷ daily deficit. Solar needed to cover use alone = daily Ah × volts ÷ (sun hours × factor).
Planning a whole build?
The paid spreadsheets run these same tested formulas for a whole build in one saved file. Compare free vs. spreadsheet.
12V Load & Wire Gauge Calculator spreadsheet on Etsy, $9.00
Overland Rig Planning Bundle (12V + Payload + Trip spreadsheets) on Etsy, $18.99
Launch sale on Etsy through Oct 31: 20% off the 12V calculator, 25% off the bundle. The sale price shows on Etsy.
Sources
- NREL PVWatts calculator (look up peak sun hours for your location and month). pvwatts.nrel.gov
- Victron Energy: Wiring Unlimited (cable, fuse and inverter wiring guidance). www.victronenergy.com
- Victron Energy: Lithium-ion vs AGM batteries (usable depth of discharge). www.victronenergy.com